DISCUSS WAYS IN WHICH ENERGY PRODUCTION DIFFERS IN
DISCUSS WAYS IN WHICH ENERGY PRODUCTION DIFFERS IN
DISCUSS WAYS IN WHICH ENERGY PRODUCTION DIFFERS IN NEOPLASTIC CELLS, RELATIVE TO NORMAL CELLS, AND DESCRIBE IN DETAIL THE METABOLIC PATHWAY(S) OF CANCER CELLS.
Discuss ways in which energy production differs in neoplastic cells, relative tonormal cells, and describe in detail the metabolic pathway(s) of cancer cells.
5. GeneticsAnswer all parts of this question:a) Define multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN). (2 marks)b) List the subtypes of MEN and identify three (3) of the most common tumoursthat occur with each subtype. (4 marks)c) For each of the following, describe their normal function and role in cancerdevelopment. Include in your answer an example of a cancer where thegene/protein induces tumourigenesis, in addition list a potential targetedtreatment for each. (18 marks)i. BRCA1ii. Bcr-Abliii. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN).d) Briefly describe the function and role of each of the following in cancerdevelopment. Include in your answer an example of a cancer where thegene/protein induces tumourigenesis: (6 marks)i. NMI (N-myc and STAT interactor)ii. BMI-16. Tumour immunityAnswer all parts of this question:a) Increasing evidence supports a role for innate immune effector cells in tumoursurveillance. List two (2) cells involved in tumour surveillance. (2 marks)b) Describe immune contexture. (3 marks)c) Explain the concept of immunoediting. (5 marks)d) Identify and explain mechanisms of tumour escape from immune surveillanceand provide one (1) therapeutic strategy for each mechanism. (20 marks)Continued over pageVeterinary Oncology Paper 1 Page 5 of 5© 2016 The Australian and New Zealand College of Veterinary Scientists ABN 00 50 000894 2087. Tumour metabolismAnswer all parts of this question:a) Discuss ways in which energy production differs in neoplastic cells, relative tonormal cells, and describe in detail the metabolic pathway(s) of cancer cells.Include regulators of these mechanisms in your answer. (23 marks)b) Briefly explain how 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) is used as amarker of glycolysis. (2 marks)c) List the factors that contribute to 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) beingretained in the cancer cell. (5 marks)8. Viral (RNA) oncogenesisAnswer all parts of this question:a) Discuss the mechanisms that retroviruses use to induce oncogenesis. Include inyour answer an example of a virus that acts via each mechanism. (16 marks)b) Describe the mechanism of oncogenesis of FeLV with reference to currentliterature. (8 marks)c) Discuss factors that affect the interpretation of results from the ELISA testcurrently available for the diagnosis of FeLV. (6 marks)
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